(in Polish) Białorusini w XX wieku: idea narodowa i tożsamość 3224-BXXWINT-OG

The aim of the course is to familiarize students with the history of the Belarusian national idea in the 20th century. The birth and development of the Belarusian national movement will be shown in the context of nation-building processes in Central and Eastern Europe. We will examine the influence of internal and external factors on the process of shaping the national consciousness of Belarusians. We will also look at the process of the creation of Belarusian national mythology and its evolution throughout the 20th century. The relations between the Belarusian national movement and similar movements of other nations will be analyzed. The Belarusian camp in the conditions of two totalitarian regimes will also be presented. The student develops his or her research skills and learns to acquire knowledge on his or her own, with the support of a research supervisor.

The following topics are discussed during the classes:

1. Various definitions of the terms: "nation", "nationalism", "national idea". The birth of national ideas in Central and Eastern Europe.
2. Political and social conditions for the emergence of the Belarusian national idea. National and political situation in the territories of Belarus under the Russian partition.
3. The birth of the Belarusian national movement. The first organizations and their leaders (until 1914)
4. The Belarusian problem during World War I
5. Proclamation of the Belarusian People's Republic in 1918
5. The fight for the independence of the Belarusian state in 1918-1921
6. The Belarusian question in Polish political thought at the beginning of the 20th century
6. Belarusian affairs in Bolshevik policy. Proclamation of Soviet Belarus. "Red Belarusianization": nationality policy in Belarus in the 1920s
7. Stalinist repressions against the Belarusian intelligentsia in the 1930s
8. The authorities of the Second Polish Republic towards Belarusian national aspirations
9. Belarusian independence emigration in the interwar period
10. The Belarusian question in the politics of the Third Reich on the eve and during World War II
11. Attempts to create a Belarusian state under the protectorate of Germany
12. Poland towards Belarusian independence aspirations during World War II
13. The post-war fate of activists of the Belarusian national movement in the USSR. The national idea in the program of Belarusian dissidents
14. Belarusian independence emigration in the West after World War II
15. Geopolitical aspirations of the Belarusian state after 1991.

Type of course

general courses

Mode

Classroom

Course coordinators

Jerzy Grzybowski

Learning outcomes

After completing the course, the student:

[Knowledge:]

1) knows and understands at a basic level the history of the Orthodox Church and historical issues, concepts and concepts connecting it with Central and Eastern Europe as a region, with particular emphasis on cultural processes and phenomena in the context of social and political changes (K2_W04; Reference to P6S_WG Scope and depth , P6S_WK Context/conditions, effects)

2) knows and understands at a basic level issues related to the formation of national, religious, socio-political and economic relations in Central and Eastern Europe (K2_W06; Reference to P6S_WG Scope and depth, P6S_WK Context/conditions, effects)

[Skills:]

3) is able to search, select, analyze and use the information he needs from various sources (K2_U01; Reference to P6S_UW Using knowledge / solving problems and performing tasks)

4) is able to develop his/her research skills and acquire knowledge independently with the support of a research supervisor; skillfully formulate thoughts, present research results in the form of oral or written statements (various types) (K2_U03; Reference to P6S_UW Using knowledge/solving problems and performing tasks)

5) can, referring to the acquired theoretical and practical knowledge, use it in typical professional statements regarding the history of Orthodoxy, as well as their specificity in the global context, construct them logically, referring to the positions of other participants in these communication situations (K2_U06; Reference to P6S_UW Using knowledge / problems solved and tasks performed)

[Social competence:]

6) is ready to critically evaluate the acquired knowledge, continuously learn and supplement the acquired knowledge (K2_K01; Reference to P6S_KK)

7) is ready to participate in cultural life and use its various forms (K2_K05; Reference to P6S_KR)

Assessment criteria

Condition for admission to the exam: attendance at classes (in accordance with the Regulations of Studies at the University of Warsaw). The student is entitled to 2 unexcused absences, each additional absence requires a justification. The lecturer decides whether the excuse is accepted. Exceeding 50% of justified and unexcused absences from classes may constitute grounds for failing the course. If the number of absences exceeds the allowable number, the student should ask the lecturer to determine the form of obtaining credit for the course material.

Unexcused absences from classes on the scheduled date will result in the loss of the first exam date. The student has the right to count absences and take the exam on a make-up date.

Classes will be conducted in the form of discussions on assigned readings or material presented by the teacher in the form of a presentation. Active participation in the discussion means substantive participation in the discussion during at least 50% of the classes.

A written work (3-6 pp.) or a presentation on a topic given by the teacher is also planned. The deadline for submitting written work is the date set by the teacher during the first or second class. People absent from these classes are obliged to seek information from the instructor.

The exam will cover knowledge of the material discussed in classes during the semester and will include one question drawn from the material discussed in classes and one question from the selected reading. The final assessment consists of:

Active substantive participation in classes (10%).

Written work or presentation on a topic designated by the teacher (10%).

Oral exam (80%). Complete answer to the question = 40%, partial answer = 20%.

Grading scale:

0%-49% - 2

50%-60% - 3

61%-70% - 3+

71%-80% - 4

81%-90% - 4+

91%-100% - 5

Additional knowledge - 5+

Bibliography

Błaszczak T., Białorusini w Republice Litewskiej 1918-1940, Białystok 2017.
Eberhardt P., Przemiany narodowościowe na Białorusi, Warszawa 1993.
Głogowska H., Białoruś 1914—1929. Kultura pod presją polityki, Białystok 1996.
Głogowska H., Stosunki polsko-białoruskie w XX wieku: od Imperium Rosyjskiego do Unii Europejskiej, Białystok 2012.
Gomółka K., Białorusini w II Rzeczypospolitej, Gdańsk 1992.
Gomółka K., Między Polską a Rosją. Białorusini w koncepcjach polskich ugrupowań politycznych 1918-1922 , Warszawa 1994.
Grzybowski J., Pogoń między Orłem Białym, Swastyką i Czerwoną Gwiazdą. Białoruski ruch niepodległościowy w latach 1939-1956, Warszawa 2011.
Grzybowski J., Białoruski ruch niepodległościowy w czasie II wojny światowej, Warszawa 2021.
Grzybowski J., Białorusini w polskich regularnych formacjach wojskowych w latach 1918—1945, Warszawa 2007.
Hroch M., Małe narody Europy, Wrocław 2003.
Karpus Z., Wschodni sojusznicy Polski w wojnie 1920 roku. Oddziały wojskowe ukraińskie, rosyjskie, kozackie і białoruskie w Polsce w latach 1919 – 1920, Toruń 1999.
Łatyszonek O., Białoruskie formacje wojskowe 1917—1923, Białystok 1995.
Marková, A., The Path to a Soviet Nation. The Policy of Belarusization, Paderborn 2021.
Michaluk D., Białoruska Republika Ludowa 1918-1920. U podstaw białoruskiej państwowości, Toruń 2010.
Mironowicz E., Białorusini w Polsce 1944-1949, Warszawa 1993.
Mironowicz E., Białorusini i Ukraińcy w polityce obozu piłsudczykowskiego, Białystok 2007.
Mironowicz E., Historia Białorusi XX-XXI wieku, Białystok 2021.
Mironowicz E., Wojna wszystkich ze wszystkimi. Białoruś 1941-1944, Kraków 2015.
Mironowicz E., Propaganda radziecka i niemiecka na Białorusi 1941-1944, Białystok 2022.
Mironowicz E., Tokć S., Radzik R., Zmiana struktury narodowościowej na pograniczu polsko-białoruskim w XX wieku, Białystok 2005.
Radzik R., Kim są Białorusini, Toruń 2000.
Shved V., Grzybowski J., Historia Białorusi od czasów najdawniejszych do roku 1991, Warszawa 2020.
Szul R., Jezyk – naród – państwo. Język jako zjawisko polityczne, Warszawa 2009.
Szumski J., Sowietyzacja Zachodniej Białorusi 1944-1953. Propaganda i edukacja w służbie ideologii, Kraków 2010.
Śleszyński W., Historia w służbie polityki. Zmiany polityczne a konstruowanie przekazu historycznego na ziemiach białoruskich w XX i XXI wieku, Białystok 2018.
Turonek J., Białoruś pod okupacją niemiecką, Warszawa 1993.
Turonek J., Wacław Iwanowski i odrodzenie Białorusi, Warszawa 1992.
Wierzbicki M., Polacy i Białorusini w zaborze sowieckim. Stosunki polsko-białoruskie na ziemiach północno-wschodnich II Rzeczypospolitej pod okupacją sowiecką 1939—1941, Warszawa 2000.

Additional information

Information on level of this course, year of study and semester when the course unit is delivered, types and amount of class hours - can be found in course structure diagrams of apropriate study programmes. This course is related to the following study programmes:

Additional information (registration calendar, class conductors, localization and schedules of classes), might be available in the USOSweb system:

Description of 3224-BXXWINT-OG in USOSweb