Security Arrangements in Peace Processes: Theory and Practice 2100-ERASMUS-SAPP
1. Theoretical introduction to the peace studies. Legal and institutional frameworks for conflict prevention and peacemaking capacities of the United Nations, European Union and the OSCE. Role of the donor states, NGOs and the media.
• H. Dorussen, T. Böhmelt, G. Clayton, Sequencing United Nations peacemaking: Political initiatives and peacekeeping operations. Conflict Management and Peace Science, 2022, 39(1), 24–48.
• J. Bergmann, T. Haastrup, A. Niemann, R. Whitman, Introduction: The EU as International Mediator – Theoretical and Empirical Perspectives, International Negotiation, 2018, 23(2), 157-176.
• F. Guliyev, A. Gawrich, OSCE mediation strategies in Eastern Ukraine and Nagorno-Karabakh: a comparative analysis, European Security, 2021, 30:4, 569-588.
2. Road to the signature of peace treaties, actors involved and signatories. Multitrack approaches to peace processes. Confidence building. Key fundamentals in mediation processes.
• United Nations Guidance for Effective Mediation, United Nations, July 2012.
3. Women’s participation, the inclusion of youth, civil society, and Track II actors in the peace processes. Women, peace and security (UNSCR 1325). Youth, peace and security (UNSCR 2250).
• J. Pospisil, C. Bell, ‘Securing’ Peace: Women And Security Arrangements In Peace Processes, UN Women, New York, 2018.
• D. Lanz, Who Gets a Seat at the Table? A Framework for Understanding the Dynamics of Inclusion and Exclusion in Peace Negotiations, International Negotiation, 2011, 16(2), 275-295.
4. Components of peace agreements. Legal status of the peace agreements. Types of security arrangements in peace agreements. Implementation mechanisms in regard to the security arrangements in peace agreements.
• A. Duursma, Peacekeeping, Mediation, and the Conclusion of Local Ceasefires in Non-State Conflicts, Peacebuilding, 2022, 10:2, 138-155.
• L. Powirska, Through the Ashes of the Minsk Agreements, 2022, Epicenter, WCFIA, Harvard University.
5. Ceasefires. Basic requirements of ceasefire agreements. Types of ceasefires. Lines of control and withdrawal. Monitoring/verification of a ceasefire: implementing organizations and means for implementation.
• G. Clayton et al., Introducing the ETH/PRIO Civil Conflict Ceasefire Dataset, Journal of Conflict Resolution 2022, Vol. 0(0) 1–22.
• V. Sticher, S. Vukovic ́, Bargaining in intrastate conflicts: The shifting role of ceasefires, Journal of Peace Research 2021, Vol. 58(6) 1284–1299.
6. Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration (DDR) and mine action. Weapons and ammunition disposal. Definitions, phrases, beneficiaries and implementing organizations.
• F. Capone, An overview of the DDR process established in the aftermath of the revised peace agreement between the Colombian government and the FARC: finally on the right track?, 2018, Global Jurist 18.1.
• R. Muggah, No Magic Bullet: A Critical Perspective on Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration (DDR) and Weapons Reduction in Post-conflict Contexts, The Round Table, 2005, 94:379, 239-252.
7. Security Sector Reform. Definition of the SSR. Integration of armed forces, law enforcement agencies and justice reform. Organizations supporting SSR.
• J. Linke, Provisions on SSR and DDR in Peace Agreements, Geneva Centre for Security Sector Governance (DCAF), 2020.
• N. Ansorg, F. Haass, J. Strasheim, Police reforms in peace agreements, 1975–2011: Introducing the PRPA dataset. Journal of Peace Research, 2016, 53(4), 597–607.
8. New Trends in Security Arrangements in Peace Processes. The use of new technologies, Artificial Intelligence for peace, addressing disinformation and cyberthreats.
• D. Lanz, A. Eleiba, The Good, the Bad and the Ugly: Social Media and Peace Mediation, swisspeace, Policy Brief, 12 / 2018.
• D. Masood Alavi, M. Wählisch, C. Irwin, A. Konya, A, Using Artificial Intelligence for Peacebuilding, Journal of Peacebuilding & Development, 2022, 17(2), 239–243.
9. Case study analysis. Implementation of provisions related to security arrangements of an example peace agreement: conflict analysis, involved actors, available resources and challenges.
10. Case study analysis. Implementing provisions related to the security arrangements of an example peace agreement: conflict analysis, involved actors, available resources and challenges.
The program of the course foresees at least one guest speaker, an expert in the area of security arrangements in peace processes.
Mode
Course coordinators
Learning outcomes
Student can identify and analyze:
- main elements of the security arrangements in peace processes
- actors involved and mechanisms of implementation of security arrangements in peace processes
- challenges to the implementation of security arrangements in peace processes.
Student has knowledge of:
- legal and institutional frameworks of conflict prevention and peacemaking capacities of the United Nations and regional organizations, including European Union and the OSCE,
- components of peace agreements, including details reading variety of security arrangements, along with mechanisms for its implementation,
- practical dimension of implementation of security arrangements in peace processes, such as ceasefire monitoring, Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration, demining activities, and implementation of the Security Sector Reform,
- is able to work individually and as a part of a team on given tasks, especially in multicultural environment,
- is able to critically evaluate implementation of security arrangements of peace agreements in particular countries (i.e. Ukraine, Colombia and South Sudan).
Assessment criteria
Course Requirements:
1. Class attendance.
2. Activity during discussions (including case study presentation).
3. Exam (multiple choice and open questions).
Grades will be based on participation and individual/team input to the class discussions (40%) and the final exam (60%).
Bibliography
P. D. Williams, Security Studies: An Introduction, Routledge, 2008, chapter 6. Peace Studies.
P. D. Williams, Security Studies: An Introduction, Routledge, 2018, 3rd ed. chapter 3. Liberalism & chapter 14. Peace and violence.
UN Department of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs (DPPA), Guidance on Mediation of Ceasefires, September 2022.
H. Dorussen, T. Böhmelt, G. Clayton, Sequencing United Nations peacemaking: Political initiatives and peacekeeping operations. Conflict Management and Peace Science, 2022, 39(1), 24–48.
J. Bergmann, T. Haastrup, A. Niemann, R. Whitman, Introduction: The EU as International Mediator – Theoretical and Empirical Perspectives, International Negotiation, 2018, 23(2), 157-176.
F. Guliyev, A. Gawrich, OSCE mediation strategies in Eastern Ukraine and Nagorno-Karabakh: a comparative analysis, European Security, 2021, 30:4, 569-588.
United Nations Guidance for Effective Mediation, United Nations, July 2012.
J. Pospisil, C. Bell, ‘Securing’ Peace: Women And Security Arrangements In Peace Processes, UN Women, New York, 2018.
D. Lanz, Who Gets a Seat at the Table? A Framework for Understanding the Dynamics of Inclusion and Exclusion in Peace Negotiations, International Negotiation, 2011, 16(2), 275-295.
A. Duursma, Peacekeeping, Mediation, and the Conclusion of Local Ceasefires in Non-State Conflicts, Peacebuilding, 2022, 10:2, 138-155.
L. Powirska, Through the Ashes of the Minsk Agreements, 2022, Epicenter, WCFIA, Harvard University.
G. Clayton et al., Introducing the ETH/PRIO Civil Conflict Ceasefire Dataset, Journal of Conflict Resolution 2022, Vol. 0(0) 1–22.
V. Sticher, S. Vukovic ́, Bargaining in intrastate conflicts: The shifting role of ceasefires, Journal of Peace Research 2021, Vol. 58(6) 1284–1299.
F. Capone, An overview of the DDR process established in the aftermath of the revised peace agreement between the Colombian government and the FARC: finally on the right track?, 2018, Global Jurist 18.1.
R. Muggah, No Magic Bullet: A Critical Perspective on Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration (DDR) and Weapons Reduction in Post-conflict Contexts, The Round Table, 2005, 94:379, 239-252.
J. Linke, Provisions on SSR and DDR in Peace Agreements, Geneva Centre for Security Sector Governance (DCAF), 2020.
N. Ansorg, F. Haass, J. Strasheim, Police reforms in peace agreements, 1975–2011: Introducing the PRPA dataset. Journal of Peace Research, 2016, 53(4), 597–607.
D. Lanz, A. Eleiba, The Good, the Bad and the Ugly: Social Media and Peace Mediation, swisspeace, Policy Brief, 12 / 2018.
D. Masood Alavi, M. Wählisch, C. Irwin, A. Konya, A, Using Artificial Intelligence for Peacebuilding, Journal of Peacebuilding & Development, 2022, 17(2), 239–243.
Additional information
Additional information (registration calendar, class conductors, localization and schedules of classes), might be available in the USOSweb system: