Foreign policy of Arab and North Affrican states 2100-MON-PBWA-OG

Student Workload Balance (ECTS Credits)
3 ECTS credits (assuming that a minimum of 25 hours equals 1 ECTS credit)
Total student workload within the course:75 hours
Contact Hours: 30 hours
Number of hours of independent student work: 45 hours:
• Ongoing preparation for classes (including readings); 30 hours
• Preparation for presentations (for those interested: 5 hours) and simulations: 5 hours
• Preparation for writing the exam (closed and open questions based on the outline/thematic scope and in-class exam writing (2h): 10 hours

Thematic scope:

PRELIMINARY ISSUES - CONDITIONALITIES OF FOREIGN POLICY IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA

• Foreign policy as a field of practice and research. Foreign policy and internal policy. The specificity of countries in the Middle East and North Africa.
• Literature:
F. Halliday, The Middle East in International Relations, Kraków 2009, Introduction and 2nd year (entitled: Shaping foreign policy.)

II. Directions of foreign policy of individual states

1. Iraq
(during the course, a simulation game will be conducted with the participation of students)
Dean, Marek, Iraq. Religia i Polityka, Warsaw 2007., 13-43, 136-226.
Chatham House report on Iraqi foreign policy (available via email):
http://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/files/chathamhouse/public/Research/Middle East / 0713pr_iraqforeignpolicy.pdf
Nasr, Vali, The Shia Revival, Norton, New York 2007
Warsza, Paulina, Iraq 2018 - a strategic choice. The conditions and implications of the parliamentary elections in Iraq in 2018 ", Studia Orienralne, 2018, No. 1 (13), ISSN 2299-1999, ISSN: 2300-8695
Forgin Policy: For God and Country, and Iran, article about peculiar ethnic and religious militias in Iraq, (available via e-mail)
Iragi Pulse, Iraq's war of flags, http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2015/12/iraq-kurdish-arab-conflict-war-of-flags.html
http://www.mofa.gov.iq/EN –– the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Iraq.
Please list your foreign policy priorities - homework for classes.

2. Lebanon and Syria, Oman
Seale P ,, Asad of Syria: The Struggle for the Middle East, Berkeley - Los Angeles 1989.
Faro, Kais, Lebanese nationalism versus pan arabizm: from Nublus Nujaym to Michel Chiha [in:] Middle Eastern Studies (pdf available via e-mail)
http://www.foreign.gov -– Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Lebanon (please note your foreign policy priorities)
Possible consequences of the fall of the Assad regime for the Lebanese political scene
http://www.nowlebanon.com/NewsArticleDetails.aspx?ID=432512
Analysis: Domestic concerns drive Oman's newly assertive foreign policy, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-oman-iran-diplomacy-analysis/analysis-domestic-concerns-drive-omans-newly-assertive-foreign-policy -idUSBRE9BM04S20131223? p = BRE9BM04V5.

3. Saudi Arabia, Qatar
Gulf monarchies may update power structures, https://dailybrief.oxan.com/Analysis/DB227726/Gulf-monarchies-may-update-power-structures.
Creating Citizens out of Subjects: Saudi Arabia Gets Down to Social Engineering, https://worldview.stratfor.com/article/creating-citizens-out-subjects-saudi-arabia-gets-down-social-engineering
Is Saudi crown prince winning or losing in the Middle East ?, http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2017/11/lebanon-saudi-hariri-mohammed-bin-salman-iran.html#ixzz5fSgydLRI
J. Zdanowski, Saudi Arabia, Warsaw 2004. (pages 127-269)
S. Marchand, Saudi Arabia. Threat, Warsaw 2004.
T. T. Kaczmarek, Does oil rule the world ?, Warsaw-Bydgoszcz 2006.
W. Szymborski, On the Persian Gulf. Zatoki Cooperation Council, Warsaw 1988
B. Łęgowska, The oil policy of the Arab states of the Persian Gulf, Łódź 2007
Qatar Ministry of Foreign Affairs: http://www.mofa.gov.qa/en/InternationalCooperation/Pages/default.aspx (Please write down your foreign policy priorities.
A Renewed Sense of Nationalism Takes Root in Qatar, https: //worldview.stratfor.com/article/renewed-sense-nationalism-takes-root-qatar (available via email).
Qatar Changes Course: http://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/30/opinion/qatar-changes-course.html?_r=1
Islam and Foreign Policy: The Case of Qatar, European Journal of Economic and Political Studies 8 (2015) 93-111. http://ejeps.fatih.edu.tr/docs/articles/194.pdf (Made available via email).
Tracing Qatar's Foreign Policy and its Impact on Regional Security, research paper (available via email): http: //english.dohain

4. Bahrin, Kuweit, UAE :

Raport Kongresu USA: Bahrain: Reform, Security, and U.S. Policy: https://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/mideast/95-1013.pdf (udostępniony mailowo)
Foreign Policy: Why-is-Bahrain-outsourcing-extremism?<,http://foreignpolicy.com/2014/10/29/why-is-bahrain-outsourcing-extremism/
http://www.mofa.gov.bh/Default.aspx?tabid=88 – ministerstwo spraw zagranicznych Bahrajnu ( proszę wynotować priorytety polityki zagranicznej)
Przemówienie ministra: http://www.mofa.gov.bh/Default.aspx?tabid=7824&language=en-US&ItemId=4756 (Speech of the Minister of Foreign Affairs in the Manama Dialogue "Strategic priorities in the Middle East")
Ministerstwo Spraw zagranicznych Kuwejtu: http://www.mofa.gov.kw/En/Pages/default.aspx (problem z angielskim tłumaczeniem).
Strona Ambasady Kuwejtu w Australii: http://www.kuwaitemb-australia.com/foreignaffairs.html (Proszę wynotować priorytety polityki zagranicznej).
Strona Kuwait Fund: https://kuwait-fund.org/en/web/kfund/general-information
Raport Kongresu USA: Kuwait: Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy https://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/mideast/RS21513.pdf (Udostępniony mailowo)
Abdul-Reda Assiri, Kuwait's Foreign Policy: City-State in World Politics, Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1990 (Polecam osobom szczególnie zainteresowanym, lub planującym pisać pracę o Kuwejcie).

http://mofa.gov.ae/mofa_english/portal/b074766a-5507-43c7-9beb-3155a52e25b5.aspx – ministerstwo spraw zagranicznych ZEA
http://www.uaeinteract.com/government/foreign_policy.asp ( proszę wynotować priorytety polityki zagranicznej)
Nowe otwarcie w polityce zagranicznej? The National:
http://www.thenational.ae/uae/government/uae-foreign-policy-will-not-be-burdened-by-rest-of-arab-world-says-gargash

5. Egipt, Jordania, Jemen, Libia (Student presentations)
A. Lutfi As-Sajjid Marsot, Historia Egiptu. Od podboju arabskiego do czasów współczesnych, Warszawa 2009.
B. Stępniewska-Holzer, J. Holzer, Egipt – stulecie przemian, Warszawa 2006.
B. Stępniewska-Holzer, Bariery modernizacji. Studium z dziejów Egiptu w pierwszej połowie XIX wieku, Warszawa 1994.
J. Zdanowski, Bracia Muzułmanie i inni, Szczecin 1986.
J. Zdanowski, Współczesna muzułmańska myśl społeczno-polityczna, Warszawa 2009.
K. Sidor, Naseryzm, Warszawa 1969.
J. Krasuski, Wyznaczniki biegu historii, Wrocław 2008, r. 2.
A. M. Solarz, Problemy i napięcia polityczne w państwach Afryki Północnej, w: J.J. Milewski, W. Lizak (red.), Stosunki międzynarodowe w Afryce, Warszawa 2002.
Y. Lacoste, Geopolityka Śródziemnomorza, Warszawa 2010, r. 11
J. Zdanowski, Historia Bliskiego Wschodu.., op. cit., s. 10-23, 63-80, 99-108, 176-205, 360-381
D. Madeyska, Historia współczesna świata arabskiego, Warszawa 2008, s. 115-126
G. Sorman, Dzieci Rifa’y, op. cit., r. 2 i 3
J. Zdanowski, Współczesna muzułmańska myśl społeczno-polityczna. Nurt Braci Muzułmanów, Warszawa 2009, r. pt. Bracia, dżihadyści i nowi islamiści w epoce Mubaraka, s. 108-128
Y. Lacoste, Geopolityka Śródziemnomorza, Warszawa 2010, r. 13
J. Zdanowski, Historia Bliskiego Wschodu.., op. cit., s. 15-17, 88-99, 229-280, 412-473
D. Madeyska, Historia współczesna świata arabskiego, op. cit., s. 39-80
Y. Lacoste, Geopolityka Śródziemnomorza, Warszawa 2010, r. 16, s. 434-438
D. Madeyska, Historia współczesna świata arabskiego, op. cit., 97-114, 175-192.
J. Zdanowski, Historia Bliskiego Wschodu.., op. cit., s. 25-29, 71-73, 138-144, 319-344, 532-560
J. Zdanowski, Historia Arabii Wschodniej, Wrocław 2004, zwłaszcza s. 314-396
J. Zdanowski, Arabia Saudyjska, Warszawa 2004, r. VIII G. Sorman, Dzieci Rifa’y, op. cit., r. 5, 8.

6. Iran
On Iran's asymmetric security policy, taking into account the specificity of Hezbollah (available via e-mail). Warsaw 1990. [PDF], www.bbn.gov.pl/download.php?s=1&id=8758
Keddie, Nikki, Modern Iran: Roots and Results of Revolution, Yale University Press; Updated edition (August 1, 2006) Nasr, Vali, The Shia Revival, Norton, New York 2007
Składanek, Maria., Understanding Iran, Warsaw 1996
Stolarczyk, Małgorzata, Iran. State and Religion, Warsaw 2001

7. Türkiye
P. Osiewicz, The Middle East in Turkish foreign policy, in: P. Osiewicz (ed.), International relations in the Middle East region. Internal and external conditions, Warsaw 2016.
Bazin, S. de Tapia, Turkey. The Geography of an Emerging Power, Warsaw 2014, VI, pp. 299-342.
J. Misiągiewicz, Turkish foreign policy after the Cold War, Toruń 2009
Ph. Robins, The Foreign Policy of Turkey, in: R. Hinnebusch, A. Ehteshami (eds.), The Foreign Policies of Middle East States, USA 2002.
A. Szymański, Turkey - an intermediary in contacts between the parties to the Middle East conflicts, in: J. Danecki, S. Sulowski (ed.), The Middle East is getting closer, Warsaw 2011.
8. Facultatively Tunisia, Maroco Algieria, Jemen.

Term 2026Z:

The aim of the course is an analysis and systematization of the external and internal factors that determine the foreign policy of selected MENA countries and the challenges and threats they face.
During the course an analysis of the regional system in the Middle East and North Africa (regional integration initiatives versus competition for supremacy in the region) will be carried out in order to identify the specificity of foreign policy in the MENA region.
Prior to each class, a detailed summary will be made available, systematising the internal and external determinants of the foreign policy of a given country and containing issues to be developed by students.
Student Workload Balance (ECTS Credits)
3 ECTS credits (assuming that a minimum of 25 hours equals 1 ECTS credit)
Total student workload within the course:75 hours
Contact Hours: 30 hours
Number of hours of independent student work: 45 hours:
• Ongoing preparation for classes (including readings); 30 hours
• Preparation for presentations (for those interested: 5 hours) and simulations: 5 hours
• Preparation for writing the exam (closed and open questions based on the outline/thematic scope and in-class exam writing (2h): 10 hours

Thematic scope:

PRELIMINARY ISSUES - CONDITIONALITIES OF FOREIGN POLICY IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA

II. Directions of foreign policy of individual states

4. Bahrin, Kuweit, UAE :

Course coordinators

Paulina Warsza

Type of course

general courses

Mode

Classroom

Prerequisites (description)

Basic knowledge of the political geography, history and culture of the Middle East acquired in the course of previous education or resulting from personal interests; knowledge of current events related to the Middle East region. Knowledge of English at a level that allows the use of professional literature is an asset.

Learning outcomes

W01 Knows and characterizes the main international organizations and initiatives in the MENA area
W02 identifies the assumptions and priorities of the foreign policy of the countries in the MENA region
W03 Knows the specifics of conducting foreign policy by small countries in the region
U01 Identifies the external and internal determinants of the foreign policy of individual countries in the MENA region
U02 analyses, is able to indicate and explain, referring to examples, the relationship between domestic and foreign policy
U03 Can relate decisions in the foreign policy of countries to the international situation and competition for supremacy in the MENA region
U04 Applies adequate theories to the analysis of the foreign policy of the countries of the region
U05 is able to conduct a debate on the foreign policy of the countries of the region and participate in it
K01 is ready to critically assess political declarations in the field of foreign policy in relation to the international reality in the region
K04 Responsibly initiates and creates projects in the field of foreign policy of the countries of the region
With reference to the following general effects:
S4_W01, S4_W02, S4_W03, S4_W04, S4_W05, S4_W06, S4_W07, S4_U01, S4_U02, S4_U03, S4_U04, S4_U05, S4_U06, S4_U07, S4_K01, S4_K02, S4_K03, S4_K04

Assessment criteria

1. Attendance (2 absences allowed, each next one must be treated separately)
2. Final written examination (open and closed questions,) 50% of the final grade: W01,W02, W03, U01,U02, U03, U04.
3. Active classes participation 50% of the final grade: assessed based on regular, substantive input.,in clas assigments (U01,U02, U03), discussion participation supported by the knowledge of literature(U05), and facultatively preparation of a presentation (15 minutes) of the foreign policy of a selected country in the region: its conditions and goals: W03, U01,U02, UO3,U04,K01, K04 (individually or in pairs, after agreeing with the teacher); 30%; participation in foreign policy in power-sharing system deliberation simulation (U02, U03, U04, U05, K01, K04; 20/50.): 20%.

Before the consecutive classes, a detailed outline will be made available, systematizing the internal and external determinants of a given country's foreign policy and containing issues to be deliberated upon by the students to help during class discussions and exam preparation, as well as links to literature available online, including new items in response to current events in the region.
Regardless of the additional literature provided, all students must be familiar with the appropriate chapter from the textbook: Introduction to the Foreign Policy of the Muslim States of the Middle East and North Africa, edited by Dr Marta Wozniak-Bobinska and Dr Anna M. Solarz, Scholar, Warsaw 2017, ISBN 978-83 -7383-919-9
Also recommend: R. Hinnebusch, A. Etheshami (eds.), The Foreign Policies of Middle East States, London 2002.
Before each class, a links to literature available online, including new items in response to current events in the region, are provided.

Grading scale:
From 60% satisfactory
From 75% good
From 80% good +
From 90% very good

REGULATION OF THE USE OF I A:
Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools are subject to the rules set out in Resolution No. 98 of the University Council for Education of the University of Warsaw of 8 December 2023 on guidelines for the use of artificial intelligence tools in the education process and Resolution of the Didactic Council of the Faculty No.29/2025 on Artificial Intelligence (AI) of 7 May 2025 on detailed rules for the use of artificial intelligence tools in the education process).
Course specific rules: the use of AI is not allowed in the textual layer of any material used in classes, including examination, presentations, assignments, pre-prepared text of oral statements: level 1 of resolution 29/2025. Usage permitted only in the visual layer and subsidiarily during the student's own work, i.e. guided self-education: level 2 of Resolution 29/2025.

Practical placement

Not applicable.

Bibliography

Before each class, the links to literature available online, including new items in response to current events in the region, are provided.

General, basic literature:
1. Wprowadzenie do polityki zagranicznej muzułmańskich państw Bliskiego Wschodu i Północnej Afryki, red. dr Marta Wozniak-Bobinska i dr Anna M. Solarz, Scholar, Warszawa 2017, ISBN 978-83-7383-919-9
2. The Foreign Policies of Middle East States, R. Hinnebusch, A. Etheshami (eds.), London 2002

Subject specific literature:

I. PRELIMINARY ISSUES - CONDITIONALITIES OF FOREIGN POLICY IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA

II. Directions of foreign policy of individual states

4. Bahrin, Kuweit, UAE :

Term 2026Z:

Before each class, the links to literature available online, including new items in response to current events in the region, are provided..

Subject specific literature:

I. PRELIMINARY ISSUES - CONDITIONALITIES OF FOREIGN POLICY IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA

II. Directions of foreign policy of individual states

4. Bahrin, Kuweit, UAE :

Additional information

Information on level of this course, year of study and semester when the course unit is delivered, types and amount of class hours - can be found in course structure diagrams of apropriate study programmes. This course is related to the following study programmes: