International Security 2104-UPIR-D6INSE
1. Introduction. Basic theoretical notions for international security.
Defining of security. Basic classifications and categories of security. Actors and objects of security – the ‘deepening’ and ‘widening’ of security. A review of main (historical and contemporary) trends in defining and understanding of security: from the traditional approach to ‘human security’.
2. Basic theoretical notions for international security – continuation.
Security in IR theory. Realism (traditional, Cold-War-minded understanding of security and its modifications). Neoliberalism (security through interdependencies). Constructivism (the Copenhagen school). Main assumptions and limitations of each concept.
3. New dimensions of security – ecological aspects.
Definition and explanation why ecological issues are being taken as security challenges. Main anthropogenic and non-anthropogenic threats. Climate change as a security challenge. Water stress. Institutional means of prevention – UNFCC, the Kyoto Protocol, the Paris Agreement. The impact of ecological factors on armed conflicts.
4. New dimensions of security – economic aspects.
Definition and explanation why economic issues are being taken as security challenges. Economic globalization (internationalization of national economies) and its manifestations. The impact of new technologies and the IT sector. Energy security (political meaning of energy resources supplies). International trade: trade routes and supply chains. Economic sanctions. Human dimension of economic security.
5. New dimensions of security – social aspects.
Definition and explanation why social issues are being taken as security challenges. Migrations in terms of security. Political security (safety from political violence and discrimination). Personal security in light of the new technologies. Food security. Health security. Case study – how the Covid-19 pandemic has reshaped the perception of security (in terms of both human security and international security).
6. Arms trade and defence industry.
The specificity of arms trade and defence industry (factors that distinguish them from other areas of economic activity – high politicization of the branch). Main arms exporters and importers. Main contemporary trends in military spending. Illegal arms trade. Military-industrial complex. Main defence companies.
7. Arms control and disarmament.
Weapon of mass destruction. The essence of arms control and disarmament. Review of the basic international agreements aimed at limiting nuclear (NPT, nuclear weapon-free zones, CTBT, TPNW, New START), biological (BWC), chemical (CWC) weapons. Contemporary challenges for arms control and disarmament.
8. Legal framework for the use of force.
Fundamental principles, UN system (role of UN Security Council): issue of (armed) aggression - definition and understanding, self-defense – the concept and its limits; admissibility of preventive and preemptive use of force.
9. Interventionism (incl. humanitarian interventions, Responsibility to Protect - R2P, counterinsurgency)
Roots of liberal interventionism (incl. democratic peace theory); issue of humanitarian intervention – genesis, basic ideas and principles, problems; genesis and main principles of R2P; evolution on contemporary interventionism; problems of peace/state-building and counterinsurgency practices
10-11. Asymmetric threats
Asymmetric threats – the concept - roots and the essence of the concept; relevance for contemporary international security; main forms of asymmetric threats: terrorism and transnational organized crime; Terrorism as an asymmetric security threat - definitions and main categories, evolution in three dimensions: level of motivation/justification (ideological base) of terrorism; organisation and financing; operational aspects; assessment of current relevance for international security; Organised crime as an asymmetric security threat - definitions and specificity as a security threat; evolution on organisational and operational level; strategic relevance
12. New methods of warfare.
Hybrid warfare – genesis, essence, forms, manifestations, future. Cyberwar – military/hostile activities in cyberspace – main forms and problems (incl. issue of deterrence in cyberspace and problems with attribution of actions/responsibility in cyberspace); Privatisation of violence – warlordism and PMC’s
13. Debate.
The topic of the debate is being selected by the group (free to choose) – whatever you like as far as it concerns international security.
14. Final test.
Koordynatorzy przedmiotu
W cyklu 2023L: | W cyklu 2024L: |
Efekty kształcenia
- defines the concept of security and knows the differences in its understanding within different paradigms of studies on international relations/international security; has knowledge about basic problems in the realm of international security; understands key theoretical concepts in the international security research (K_W01, K_W02, K_U01, K_U02)
- is aware of existence of key international security institutions, with the particular attention given to collective security institutions like the UN and collective defense institutions like NATO, and is capable of characterizing their activities; knows basic legal principles regulating international relations in security realm (K_W01, K_W03, K_U01, K_U02)
- is aware of the specificity and forms of current use of force in international relations, including armed conflicts and other forms of organized violence, and can recognize and analyse their roots, conduct and implications, including to societies involved and international community (K_W04, K_W08)
- knows basic trends in evolution of international security, including changes in the area of threats and challenges as well as the international responses to them (K_W04, K_W08)
- is capable of conducting research of current international security issues; is capable of resolving basic research problems in the realm of international security (K_U04, K_K01)
- is ready to fulfill professional duties that require knowledge about international security (K_K05)
Kryteria oceniania
Active participation (10%); debate (10%) written exam at the end of the course (80%): two parts: 1. multiple choice questions; 2. semi-open questions (in form of short - one word/phrase - answers).
Optionally, students could upgrade the overall score (a half/one grade up) by preparation of the presentation on selected issue included in the scope of the course, after agreeing that with the lecturer
Literatura
(Basic)
Paul D. Williams (ed.), “Security Studies. An Introduction”, Routledge, Abindon-New York 2008 (or later editions).
Peter Hough, “Understanding Global Security”, Routledge, London-New York 2004 (or later editions)
Myriam Dunn Cavelty, Thierry Balzacq (eds.), “Routledge Handbook of Security Studies”, Routledge, London-New York 2017 (relevant chapters).
Christopher D. Hughes, Lai Yew Meng, “Security Studies. A Reader”, Routledge 2011 (selection of fundamental articles regarding security; relevant chapters).
(Supplementary)
Barry Buzan, Ole Wæver, Jaap de Wilde, “Security. A New Framework of Analysis”, Lynne Rienner Publishers, Boulder-London 1998.
Sarah Tarry, “‘Deepening’ and ‘Widening’: An Analysis of Security Definitions in the 1990s” in: “Journal of Military and Strategic Studies” 1/1999 (https://jmss.org/article/view/57850/43523).
Richard Ullman, “Redefining security” in: “International Security” 1/1983.
Thomas Homer-Dixon, "Environmental scarcities and violent conflict" in: "International Security" 1/1994.
"Summary for Policymakers" in: "Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change", IPCC, Geneva 2021 (https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Full_Report.pdf).
Robert Gilpin, “Global political economy. Understanding the International Economic Order”, Princeton University Press, Princeton 2001.
Victor D. Cha, "Globalization and the study of international security" in: "Journal of Peace Research" 3/2000.
Jonathan Kirshner, "Political economy in security studies after the cold war" in: "Review of International Political Economy" 1/1998.
Kamila Pronińska, “Energy and security: regional and global dimensions” in: "SIPRI Yearbook 2007" (https://www.sipri.org/sites/default/files/YB07%20215%2006.pdf).
Roland Paris, "Human security: paradigm shift or hot air?" in: "International Security” 3/2001.
Mary Martin, Taylor Owen (eds.), "Routledge Handbook of Human Security", Routledge, London-New York 2014.
Marco Di Liddo (ed.), "The impact of Covid-19 on Human Security", Centro Studi Internazionali, Rome 2021, (https://www.un.org/humansecurity/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Human_security_covid_CeSI_MAECI_May_2021_1.pdf).
Rachel Stohl, Suzette Grillot, “The International Arms Trade. War and conflict in the modern world”, Polity Press, Cambridge-Malden 2009.
Sam Perlo-Freeman, “65 years of military spending: Trends in SIPRI's new data”, SIPRI 2016 (https://www.sipri.org/commentary/blog/2016/65-years-military-spending).
Thomas Schmalberger, Steve Tulliu, “Coming to Terms with Security: A Lexicon for Arms Control Disarmament and Confidence Building”, UNIDIR, Geneva 2001.
M. Madej (ed.), Western military interventions after the Cold War. Evaluating the wars of the West, Routledge 2019.
M. Madej, Transatlantic Perspectives on Asymmetric Threats – Their Essence, Nature and Strategic Importance [in:] S. Dębski (ed.), Transatlantic Perspectives on Security Imperatives, Transatlantic Public Policy Series, Volume 3, LIT Verlag Münster-Berlin, pp. 49-69
J. Arquilla, D. Ronfeldt (eds), Networks and Netwars: The Future of Terror, Crime and Militancy, RAND, Santa Monica 2001. (https://www.rand.org/pubs/monograph_reports/MR1382.html)
F. Hoffman, Conflict in the 21st Century: The Rise of Hybrid Wars, Potomac Institute, Arlington 2007 (https://www.potomacinstitute.org/images/stories/publications/potomac_hybridwar_0108.pdf)
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