History of International Relations 2104-UPIR-D1HIIR

1. The Congress of Vienna and the construction of the Viennese international order
• Origins of the Congress of Vienna.
• Provisions of the Final Act of the Congress.
• Institutional structures of Great Power cooperation in the form of the Holy Alliance.
• Deconstruction of the Holy Alliance system under the impact of revolutions in Europe up to the mid-19th century.
• Springtime of nations – revolution long awaited.
2. The new European balance before the outbreak of World War I, including regional and subregional contexts
• The Eastern Question in the policies of the great powers.
• The Paris Congress of 1856 and its provisions.
• Wars of Italian unification: chronology, course, outcomes.
• The rise of Prussia and German unification.
• The evolution and collapse of the First and Second Three Emperors’ Leagues.
• The road to the Triple Alliance and Triple Entente.
• Origins of World War I.
• Political evolution of the Entente and Central Powers during the war.
3. The territorial expansion & foreign policy of the United States in the 19th century
• U.S. territorial changes in the first half of the 19th century: Treaty of Paris (1783), Treaty of San Ildefonso, acquisition of Florida, border conflicts with Mexico and their resolution, the Oregon Question, Alaska, Virgin Islands, Hawaii, South Pacific islands, the Philippines, the status of Cuba.
• U.S. foreign policy doctrines in the 19th century: Monroe Doctrine – Manifest Destiny.
• War in U.S. policy.
4. The emancipation processes in 19th-century Latin America
• Secession of Brazil.
• Secession of Haiti and the Dominican Republic, Chile and the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata, Colombia and Venezuela, Peru and Mexico.
• Hispano-American Conferences.
• Pan-Americanism in international relations up to World War I.
• Evolution of the inter-American state system in the interwar period.
5. 19th-century colonial expansion
• 19th-century colonial conflicts: Opium Wars.
• 19th-century colonial conflicts: Boer Wars.
• 19th-century colonial conflicts: Italo-Ethiopian War.
• 19th-century colonial conflicts: Russo-Japanese War – causes, course, outcomes.
• Military operations and territorial changes in Africa and Asia during 1914–1918.
6. The international situation in Asia before World War I:
• Japan’s great power policy (1868–1918).
• International challenges facing China in the 19th and early 20th centuries.
• Issues of conquest and consolidation of European influence in India and Indochina.
7. The construction and fall of the Versailles-Washington order after World War I:
• Origins and course of the Versailles Conference.
• The Washington Conference – a supplement to the Versailles system.
• The League of Nations as the first universal international organization.
• The Abyssinian War – a postcolonial conflict.
• The Spanish Civil War – an experimental war.
• Japanese aggression against China – revising the peace settlements.
• Wars in Latin America – conflicts triggered by the global recession.
• Evolution of the international economic system in the 1920s and 1930s.
• Economic blocs and alliances in the interwar period
• Subregionalism in interwar Europe.
• Pacifist tendencies and disarmament processes in the 19th and early 20th centuries.
• The role of totalitarian states in the disintegration of the Versailles-Washington order.