Petrology I 1300-OTRW2L1

The lectures concentrate on many aspects of igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rock formation and evolution e.g on their petrogenesis. At first magma generation process is presented and correlated with tectonic regimes (ocean and continental rifts, subduction, hot spot). Mantle heterogeneity (mineralogical, geochemical, isotopic), being main source for magma generation, is introduced. Afterwards the lectures show processes of magma migration, storage, crystallization leading to appearance of various forms of igneous rock bodies and to compositionally different plutonic and volcanic rocks. Essential role play geochemical indicators, which can help to recognize the tectonic setting of igneous activity and the evolution of formed there magmas. Similarly, the problems of petrogenesis of sedimentary rocks comprise processes of their formation (sedimentary environments; diastrofic cycles), and transformation, diagenesis undergoing under diversified physico-chemical conditions. The lectures include knowledge about low-temperature mineral crystallization and re-crystallization processes. Petrogenesis of metamorphic rocks is related to different tectonic regimes, where various factors like temperature or/and pressure act in different way with different intensity. Metamorphic reactions and metamorphic facies are shown. Those reactions and facies are reflected and could be recognize with use of mineral/rock texture and composition. Also the possibility of protolith determination with use of geochemical factors is introduced. For every rock group chemical and modal classifications is given.