Fundamentals of Physiology 1200-1CHMPFW1

Electrophysiology of neurons and muscles 2 x45 min.
Structure of neuronal and muscle cells.
Classification and function of ionic channels. Generation and propagation of the action potential.
Electromechanical coupling. Mechanism of skeletal muscle contraction.
Electrical and chemical synapses.

Sensory and motor system 45 min. Immunology 45 min.
Basic information about the structure of the central and peripheral nervous system.
Definition and classification of sensory receptors. Sensory pathways and somatic sensory cortex.
Function and classification of neuronal reflexes. Motor pathways and somatic motor cortex.
Function of basal ganglia and the cerebellum.
Cells of the immune system and lymphatic organs – structure and classification.
Innate immunity.
Cellular and humoral immunity.

Cardiovascular system 2 x45 min.
Basic information about anatomy of the heart and vascular system.
Electrical conduction system of the heart. Electromechanical coupling and the action potential
in cardiac muscle cells. ECG. Cardiac cycle.
Biophysics of blood flow. Structure and function of microcirculation.

Respiratory system 2 x 45 min.
Basic anatomy of the respiratory system.
Lung volumes and capacities. Respiratory system compliance and resistance. Diffusion of
oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs. Neural control of breathing.

Kidney physiology. Water and electrolyte balance 2 x 45 min.
Anatomy of the urinary system. Structure and function of the nephron. Mechanisms of urine
formation.
Water balance mechanisms. Mechanisms of sodium, potassium and calcium balance.

Physiology of the digestive systen 45 min. Vision and hearing physiology 45 min.
Basic structure of the digestive system. Physiology of the stomach. Pancreatic enzymes.
Basic functions of the liver. Peristalsis and digestive enzymes secreted by intestinal glands.
Structure of the eye and ear – basic information. Signal transduction in visual and hearing
system. The visual and auditory pathways.

Hormonal system 2 x 45 min.
Structure of the hypothalamus, pituitary gland and the peripheral endocrine glands.
The hypothalamic-pituitary-endocrine axis.
Pancreatic, thyroid, parathyroid and adrenal hormones – mechanisms of action.