Thermodynamics with Elements of Statistical Physics 1100-2AF22
- Information about this lecture, classical thermodynamics and statistical physics, granular structure of matter;
thermodynamic system, equilibrium, zeroth principle of thermodynamics, approaching thermal equilibrium;
empirical temperature, thermometers, Fahrenheit, Celsius and Kalvin scales, SI units. - Thermal properties: thermal expansion of liquids and solids, electrical properties,
thermal radiation (Kirchhoff's law, Wien's first law, Planck's distribution, Stefan-Boltzmann's law);
pressure, hydrostatic equation, buoyancy, barometric formula, compressibility. - Equation of state of ideal gas, real gases, virial expansions;
v.d. Waals' equation of state, critical parameters, state surfaces of real substances; other thermodynamic systems (not p-V), examples:a wire, surfaces, Daniell cell, paramagnetic material. - Work, quasi-static processes, reversible and irreversible processes;
first law of thermodynamics for adiabatic systems. Internal energy, Joule's experiment;
heat and the first law of thermodynamics;
transport of heat, molar heat capacity, ideal gas - adiabat, Cp/CV. - Latent heats of phase transitions;
microscopic model of an ideal gas, Maxwell's distribution (1);
heat ↔ work, direction of heat flow; formulations of the second law of thermodynamics (Kelvin, Clausius, entropic);
entropy as a function of state - ideal gas, [generalization - optional supplement];
[Caratheodory's formulation]. - Heat machines;
discussion of the Kelvin and Clausius formulations; the Carnot cycle and the engine with maximal efficiency, the Stirling engine;
thermodynamic temperature (based on Carnot cycles). - Combustion engines;
Clausius inequality and entropy;
examples: brick→lake, Joule process;
the fundamental equation of thermodynamics;
what follows from entropy, thermodynamic temperature (based on entropy and internal energy), pressure, chemical potential. - Introduction to statistical physics, oscillator systems, Einstein's model of a solid state, microstate calculations, Boltzmann's postulate.
- Boltzmann distribution, the beta parameter.
- Particle in a thermostat, Gibbs entropy, partition function - distinguishable particles, degeneracy; Example: paramagnetism and Einstein's model of solid (cont.).
- Indistinguishable particles,
ideal gas - partition function, entropy, Maxwell's distribution (2),
equipartition, molar heats (cont.), [ideal diatomic gas]. - Thermodynamic potentials H, F, G;
steam engine, phase equilibrium, [Maxwell's construction], classification of phase transitions. - Surface tension and capillarity;
low temperatures, Joule-Thomson effect;
Third law of Thermodynamics. - Quantum statistics: bosons and fermions, [photon gas];
selected thermodynamic paradoxes;
heat transport equation;
Avogadro's number;
[entropy and information].
Main fields of studies for MISMaP
Mode
Course coordinators
Learning outcomes
After completing the course, the student:
KNOWLEDGE
knows the most important topics in phenomenological thermodynamics;
knows the most important topics in statistical physics.
SKILLS
can describe and explain physical phenomena related to phenomenological thermodynamics and statistical physics;
can solve problems related to these topics.
Assessment criteria
Midterm written tests
Written exam
Oral exam
Additional information
Information on level of this course, year of study and semester when the course unit is delivered, types and amount of class hours - can be found in course structure diagrams of apropriate study programmes. This course is related to the following study programmes:
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